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Ovarian cancer, often called the “silent killer,” is a significant concern when it comes to women’s health. It’s the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women, and its symptoms can be subtle, making it challenging to detect early. However, it is rare before menopause. The good news? By understanding the signs and taking proactive steps, you can stay ahead.
With Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month just around the corner, let’s unpack what ovarian cancer is, the symptoms to watch for, and how you can protect your health.
What is ovarian cancer?
Ovarian cancer begins in the ovaries, two small organs in the female reproductive system responsible for producing eggs and hormones like estrogen.
There are three main types:
Epithelial tumors: These are the most common, starting on the surface of the ovaries.
Germ cell tumors: These develop in the egg-producing cells.
Stromal tumors: These form in the hormone-producing tissues of the ovaries.
Whatever the type, catching it early is always the goal.
What symptoms should you look out for?The tricky thing about ovarian cancer is that its symptoms can be mild or mimic other conditions. Keep an eye out for these signs, especially if they persist for more than a couple of weeks:
Persistent bloating
Pain or pressure in your lower abdomen
Feeling full quickly or having difficulty eating
Needing to urinate more often or urgently
Fatigue, back pain, or changes in digestion
While these symptoms don’t always point to ovarian cancer, it’s better to be safe and get checked.
Who’s at risk?
Ovarian cancer can affect any woman, but certain factors increase the risk:
Age: It’s more common in women over 50.
Family history: A family history of ovarian or breast cancer increases your risk.
Genetics: Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are linked to ovarian cancer.
These risk factors are not affected by your behavior. However, some other risk factors are under your control which increase the risk of ovarian cancer eg.
Obesity
Smoking
Menopause Hormone Therapy: Long-term use after menopause may slightly raise the risk of ovarian cancer. However, Menopause Hormone Treatment reduces the risk of other cancers eg bowel cancer.
Are ovarian cysts the same as cancer?
Generally no. Ovarian cysts are very common and usually go away by themselves.
Having an ovarian cyst does not mean that you have Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a hormonal condition and treatment is not aimed at the ovaries themselves.
Ovarian cysts can become quite large and sometimes they can rupture. This doesn't mean they need treatment. However, if your cyst is more than 6cm, or it twists, then you might need surgery. If you have a large cyst, then your doctor may suggest a blood test for cancer markers.
Why early detection is so important
There’s no reliable screening test yet for ovarian cancer, which is why paying attention to your body and staying proactive is key.
Know your family history: If ovarian or breast cancer runs in your family, speak to your GP about genetic testing.
Have a healthy lifestyle. Maintain a normal weight and don't smoke.
Trust your instincts: If something doesn’t feel right, don’t ignore it, see a doctor.
Common myths about ovarian cancer
Myth: Ovarian cancer has obvious symptoms.
Truth: Symptoms are often vague or appear late, so it’s important to act on subtle changes.
Myth: You’re only at risk if it’s in your family.
Truth: Most cases occur in women with no family history.
Myth: A Pap smear will detect ovarian cancer.
Truth: Pap smears screen for cervical cancer, not ovarian.
What you can do today
If you’re worried about your risk or experiencing symptoms, please reach out to a good GP, preferably who has a special interest in women's health. Regular check-ups, awareness, and making healthy lifestyle choices can make all the difference.
Share this information with the women in your life. Raising awareness can help everyone stay informed and healthy.
If you need help, visit www.clinic66.com.au and book your appointment now!
You’ve got this!
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